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职称英语《卫生B》专项试题及答案(2)

part C

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Medical Education

In 18th century colonial America, those who wanted to become physicians either learned as personal students from established professionals or went abroad to study in the traditional schools of London, Paris and Edinburgh. Medicine was first taught formally by specialists at the University of Pennsylvania, beginning in 1765, and in 1767 at King's College (now Columbia University), the first institution in the colonies to give the degree of doctor of medicine.

Following the American Revolution, the Columbia medical faculty (formerly of King's College) was combined with the College of Physicians and Surgeons, chartered in 1809, which survives as a division of Columbia University.

In 1893 the Johns Hopkins Medical School required all applicants to have a college degree and was the first to afford its students the opportunity to further their training in an attached teaching hospital. The growth of medical schools attached with established institutions of learning went together with the development of proprietary (私营的 ) schools of medicine run for personal profit, most of which had 10W standards and poor facilities. In 1910 Abraham Flexner, the American education reformer, wrote Medical Education in the United States and Canada, exposing the poor conditions of most proprietary schools. Subsequently, the American Medical Association(AMA) and the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) laid down standards for course content, qualifications of teachers, laboratory facilities, connection with teaching hospitals,and licensing of medical practitioners (开业医师) that survive to this day.

By the late 1980s the U.S. and Canada had 1,424 medical colleges recognized by the Liaison(联络) Committee on Medical Education to offer the M. D. degree; during the 1987-1988 academic year, 47,262 men and 25,686 women entered these colleges and an estimated 11,752 men and 5,958 women were graduated. Graduates, after a year of internship ( 实习期 ) , receive licenses to practice if they pass an examination given either by a state board or by the National Board of Medical Examiners.

1. In 18th century America, higher institutions of learning that taught medicine __________.

A. did not exist

B. were few in number

C. were better than those in Europe

D. were known for their teaching hospitals

2. Initially most proprietary schools of medicine in America __________.

A. had established professionals

B. had good facilities

C. had high standards

D. were in poor conditions

3. The AMA and AAMC established standards so as to __________.

A. recruit more students

B. set up more schools of medicine

C. ensure the quality of medical teaching and practice

D. prevent medical schools from making huge profits

4. After a year of internship medical graduates can start to practice __________.

A. if they have worked in a laboratory

B. if they have studied abroad for some time

C. if they have obtained an M. D. degree

D. if they have passed an examination

5. This passage is mainly about __________.

A. how medicine is taught in America

B. how medical education has developed in America

C. how the American educational system works

D. how one can become a good doctor

答案与解析

part A

1. C。细节题。题干：研究的目标是发现新的 *** 来 __________。利用题干关键词可以定位到短文的第二段，提到了此项研究的goal，即aim，这便是learning new ways to treat or prevent illness。

2. D。细节题。题干：研究者收集了下列东西，除了 __________。利用题干关键词可以定位到短文的第四段。第四项应该是“参加研究的妇女及其婴儿家中的空气与水等物质”，而

不是“医院中的空气与水”。

3. A。细节题。题干：通过研究，国家的医疗费用期望可以 __________。利用题干关键词可以定位到短文的第六段，即预计从长远的角度讲，此项研究将有利于节约国家卫生保健费用的开支。

4. B。细节题。题干：参与者的婴儿会被跟踪调查 __________。利用题干关键词可以定位到短。文的倒数第三段，即这些婴儿将从出生前一直被跟踪到21岁。

5. D。细节题。题干：下列关于研究参与者的说法哪一项是不正确的?利用题干关键词可以定位到最后一段。前三项在短文的最后一段都有提及，只有第四项是错误的，因为研究对象都是怀孕的妇女，不可能是所有年龄段的人们。

part B

1. A。细节题。题干：为什么远古的火山爆发比近期的火山爆发破坏性更大?利用题干关键词可以定位到之一段：古代的火山更具破坏力，不是因为它们更大，而是因为它们释放出的二氧化碳更能轻易地毁灭生命。

2. D。细节题。题干：Wignall是如何计算出远古火山爆发的杀伤力的?利用题干关键词可以定位到第二段。第二段有这样一句话：He calculated the“killing efficiency”for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced.(他通过比较火山释放出的熔岩的体积与杀死生命的比例计算这些火山的杀伤力)。

3. D。细节题。题干：恐龙是什么时候灭绝的?利用题干关键词可以定位到第三段。其中有这么一句话：He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago，because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid.(他没有提及6500万年前恐龙的灭绝，因为许多科学家相信恐龙的灭绝是受一颗小行星的影响)。

4. D。细节题。题干：从第三段还可以推导出有关恐龙的什么样的信息?在讨论第三题的答案时，我们已经注意到了，Wignall没有提6500万年前恐龙的灭绝是否跟火山爆发有关，因为许多科学家相信恐龙的灭绝是受一颗小行星的影响。这就说明，关于恐龙灭绝的原因在科学家之间是有争议的。

5. B。主旨题。问题问的是：文章的主要论点是什么?答案在文章的之一句：Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history(古代火山更具破坏力)。

part C

1. B。细节题。题干：在18世纪的美国，教授医学的'高等学习机构 __________。利用题干关键词可以定位到文章之一段，可知在18世纪的美国，医学院校寥寥无几。如果有人想当医生，就要跟专业人员私下学，或者出国学习。直到1765年，才首次有高等院校正式开设医学课程。

2. D。细节题。题干：最初多数的私营医学院 __________。利用题目顺序与段落顺序一致的原则和题干关键词可以定位到文章第二段中的第二句，即早期的私营医学院校大都标准不高，设备较差。

3. C。细节题：AMA and AAMC设立了标准，以便 __________。利用题干中的专有名词可以定位到文章第二段的最后一句，即AMA与AAM制订了一系列标准，以保证医学教学与实践的质量。

4. D。细节题。经过一年实习的毕业生可以开始 __________。利用题干关键词可以定位到文章的最后一段，即医学毕业生经过一年的实习期后，要通过州或国家的相关考试，方可获取行医执照。

5. B。主旨题。题干：这篇文章主要是关于 __________。从文章的题目和内容可知，全文重点探讨的是美国医学教育的历史沿革。

职称英语综合A阅读判断模拟题

为了大家更好地备考2017年职称英语考试，yjbys网为大家提供了2017年职称英语综合A的试题相应练习。以下是阅读判断专项模拟题，大家可以多加练习。

American Sports

The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms:organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory;athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing.

Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.

Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer,and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.

Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team,and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.

Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.

Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sport *** en, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sport *** en are the spectators, who do "not assemble" primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race.

Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.

1.Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

2.Professional baseball teams can continue to play for a long period of time in the fall after the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

3.Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

4.Football can be classified as a spectator sport.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

5.Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

6.Basketball in American is so popular with universities that nationwide university matches are held yearly.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

7.Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sport *** en because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

　 　答案解析：

1.C。题干：打猎和钓鱼主要受到美国男人、年轻人和老人的喜爱。题干中的核心结构huntingand fishing和并列结构men，young and old可作为答案线索，可发现答案相关句为首段第二句，但并没有提到men，young and old，所以选择C。

2.A。题干：职业棒球队在春天和夏天的赛季之后还可以继续在秋天打很长时间的球。题干中的关键词Professional baseball teams和the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer可作为答案线索，发现答案相关句为第二段首句。该句句意与问题句一致，该题主要是考查well into the fall(一直到秋季末)结构的含义。

3.A。题干：棒球和英国的板球有很多共同之处。利用题干中的线索词baseball和cricket寻找答案相关句：可以发现第二段第二句为相关句。该句的句意为“与棒球运动最接近的就是英国的板球”，与题干的.句意一致，选择A。

4.A。题干：足球是一种观赏类体育项目。利用题干中的关键词football和spectator sport找到答案相关句：之一段最后一句。该题考查考生的推断能力：既然更大的足球体育馆能容纳80 000名观众，那么根据spectator sports(观赏性运动)的定义，足球应该是spectator sports。

5.B。题干：与橄榄球相比，许多美国人更喜欢篮球，因为橄榄球比较激烈而且还要穿特殊的服装。将题干中的关键词basketball和football作为答案线索找到答案相关句：在第四段，可知美国人喜欢篮球是因为在冬天也可以玩，而且是速度类项目。题干句的说法与该相关句的说法不一致，故选B。

6.A。题干：美国的篮球在大学很流行，全国的大学每年都举办比赛。利用题干中的关键词Basketball进行定位，发现相关内容在第四段最后一句，故答案为A。

7.A。题干：赛马迷们不被认为是运动员，因为他们是观众，而且首要兴趣是赌博。将题干中的horse.racing fans作为答案线索找到相关句：题干在文章末段。根据相关句群的句意(赛马比赛的吸引人之处是赌博，赛马迷只是对赌博感兴趣)，可知题干的说法与这些相关句的说法一致，故选A。

急求： 2011年职称英语考试综合类A级答案，卷号12。

2011年职称英语考试综合类A级参考答案.

请参考答案内容，不用看ABCD本身

之一部分考题： 词汇选项题（9分）

1. C (push) -- urge

2. D (energetic) -- vigorous

3. B (stand) --- tolerate

4. B (criticize) – find fault with

5. A(greatly) – considerably

6. B（unclear）-- obscure

7. D (maintain) – assert

8. B (afraid) – scared

9. D (continuous) – steady

10. A (handle) – approach

11. A (shake) – tremble

12. A （praise）-- hail

13. B (cause) – provoke

14. D (understand) – grasp

15. C (remarking) – saying

第二部分考题： 阅读判断 （2分）

The forbidden apple

16. Some activities have recently become illegal in New York.

答案为A。

文章相关句： These days it is the city that never *** okes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least in public).

17. It’s now illegal to *** oke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York.

答案为B。

文章相关句： These days it is the city that never *** okes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least in public).

18. Eating apples in the park is illegal.

答案为B。 该题属于推断题。

文章相关句： These days it is the city that never *** okes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least in public).

19. The busines *** an like the new laws.

答案为C。

文章中根本没有提到商人的情况。

20. Elle and Serge Schroitman parked their car on the public driveway.

答案为B。

文章相关句： … It was their own driveway.

21. The editor of vanity fair magazine thinks some of the new laws are stupid.

答案为A， 该题属于推断题。

文章相关句：Under New York city law it is acceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not a empty ashtray.

22. New York is cleaner and safer than before.

答案为A.

文章相关句： it is true – it is safer, cleaner and more healthy than before.

第三部分考题：概括大意与完成句子（7分）

23. paragraph 1

答案为E: People are in groups.

提示： groups是之一段段落主题词。 该段之一句是段落主题句。

24. paragraph 2

答案为B。 It is important to have a good leader.

提示： 段首句就是段落主题句，

25. paragraph 3

答案为A： Training can make a good leader

提示： training在该段中出现了， a good leader在文章中有呼应的词语： a successful leader

26. paragraph 4

答案为D： A good leader needs a variety of qualities

提示： a variety of qualities出现在段落中

27. One of the major keys to success is ___.

答案为B。 the ability to work with others.

文章相关句： it is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success.

28. Groups often break down because of ___.

答案为D： lack of good leaders.

文章相关句： groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down.

29. Good leaders always avoid ___

答案为F： bossing people around (把人指挥得团团转)

文章相关句： Good leaders don’t make people do things in a bossy, controlling way.

30. Self-confidence is the key to ___.

答案为E： overcoming fears about being a leader.

文章相关句： Self-confidence is vital and being able to overcome your own fears about being a leader.

第四部分： 阅读理解（39分——42分）

之一篇： Cellophanes: hang up or keep talking（15分）

31. People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEP ___.

A. they are cheap (未提及的信息 )

32. The word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ___.

C. discovered

单词所在语境： signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with scanning…

33. The sale *** an retired young because ___

D： He couldn’t remember simple tasks

文章相关句： A traveling sale *** an had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn’t remember even simple tasks.

34. On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies ___.

A. hold that the amount of radiation is too *** all to worry about

文章中的相关句： Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too *** all to worry about

35. The writer’s purpose of writing this article is to advise people ___.

A． to use mobile phones less often

文章中相关句： so far now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.

第二篇阅读理解：the *** ell of money（9分——12分）

36. Artificial *** ells have been used in ___.

答案为B： banks

37. Researchers believe that introducing the “ *** ell of money” into banks will encourage people ___.

答案为A。 to fell confident about banks

文章相关句： Researchers have suggested that surrounding banks will the *** ell of money will encourage them… and give them added confidence in the bank’s security and professionali *** .

38. The difficulty of producing the “ *** ell of money” lies in that ___.

答案为D。 It’s hard to identify and *** yze it.

文章相关句： but before a *** ell can be manufactured and introduced into banks air conditioning systems, it must be identified and chemically *** yzed, and this has proved to be difficult.

39. The word “harness” in the last paragraph is closest meaning to ___.

答案为C。 control

文章相关句： It is a phenomenon marketing consultants have long recognized, but until recently have been unable to harness.

40. Researchers think___.

答案为C： the technology to produce artificial *** ells is in the early stage.

文章相关句： We’ve made great progress but the technology of odor production is still in its infancy.

第三篇阅读理解 spoilt for choice（15分）

41. Sometimes people ask professionals to help the make decisions because ___.

D. the decision may have serious impact on their lives.

42. When people can not easily decide what to buy, which of the following is the least possible choice?

D. seeking advice

43. Why do products have a short lifespan nowadays?

D: They are quickly replaced with new ones.

44. How does migration today differ from that of the past?

C: People now have more choice about where to migrate.

45. Which of the following best expresses the writer’s view on choice?

B: More choice, more anxiety

第五部分 补全短文

46. F。 The term comes from the activity of the ice age.

空格前句： This irregularity is the result of what is called drowned coastline.

空格后句： At the time,….

47. E: It is split almost in half by Sones Sond, a deep and narrow stretch of water…

空格前句： The highest parts of the former mountain range, along the seashore and narrow stretch of water, remained as island.

空格后句：Marine fissile found here were 225 feet above sea level.

48. Mt. Desert island is one of the most famous of all of the islands left behind by the glacier.

干扰项： The wealthy residences of Mt. Desert island selfishly keep it to themselves.

空格前句： Mt. Desert island is…. Mt. Desert was essentially formed as two distinct islands.

49. B. It also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting spot for many birds.

空格前句： The island supports the plants and animals of both zones …

50. A: This mountain rises 1,532 feet, making it the highest mountain on the Atlantic seashore.

空格前句： The best view on Mt. Desert island is from the top Cadilliac Mountain

第六部分 完形填空

51. opinions (A)

52. estimates(C)

53. criteria (B)

54. desire (A)

55. psychological (C)

56. before (D)

57. offences (C)

58. operation (A)

59. about (D)

60. that (C)

61. procedure (C)

62. seeking (B)

63. requires (B)

64. risks (B)

65. big

职称英语考试试题

职称英语考试天津职称英语考试答案，主要有以下六种题型。

一是词汇选项，是给你一个句子，在句子当中给你找出一个单词划横线，在A、B、C、D四个选项当中，选出划横线天津职称英语考试答案的同义的单词。这个可以利用字典来解答这种题型（考试可以查询字典的）。

二是阅读理解题，是整个考试卷面当中，相对比较难的题。它虽然不是最难的题但是是占分值更大的题。

三是阅读判断题目，阅读判断，不同于阅读理解，除了将文章读完，找到题目对应的答案所在句之外，还需要将这个题目在原文中的句子和题目进行比较，最终得出是正确还是错误。

四是完型填空题型，最重要一点，完型填空，你至少应该用15分钟左右时间做完。对于完型填空，我们考生应该怎么样把握。

五是概括大意与完成句子，是把一篇文章考两遍。之一遍是考概括大意题，直接到指定段落当中寻找中心主题句的过程。第二是考完型句子，把之一句话的意思补全，要求他在意思上，语法上都与原文一致，而且语法必须要正确。

六是补全短文， 给出你大概230到250字的文章，从中拿出五个独立完整的句子，然后给你六个选项，要求考生读完后，顺序按原文章出现的形式，把文章恢复原貌。